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the doxology

What in the world is a doxology?

Derived from the Greek roots doxa, meaning “honor” or “glory” and logia, meaning “to speak,” a doxology is short song of praise to God. Doxologies are often used to punctuate Christian worship services. For instance, doxologies are often be sung as a part of the communion liturgy, and also after the day’s offering has been taken.

What is “the” doxology?

While any short hymn of praise can serve as a doxology, when Protestants refer to the doxology they are referring almost exclusively to a very particular song set to a very particular tune.

That very particular song comprises just four short verses: Praise God, from whom all blessings flow; Praise Him, all creatures here below; Praise Him above, ye heav’nly host; Praise Father, Son, and Holy Ghost! 

And that very particular tune is an old, old one written by the Huguenot composer Louis Bourgeois. Commonly known as “Old Hundreth,” this tune first appeared in the Genevan Psalter in 1551:

Where do the lyrics of the doxology come from?

The lyrics of the doxology are actually a part of another, much longer song called Morning Hymn by the Anglican Bishop Thomas Ken. While the doxology that we know and love consists of just four, short verses, these verses are pulled from the last of Morning Hymn’s 14 stanzas!

Also of note, it took multiple revisions over the course of decades for the language of the doxology to reach it final form. It was first published in 1674, but it wasn’t until the 1709 that Thomas Ken’s original wording of “Praise him above ye Angelick Host” became the “Praise him above ye Heavenly Host” that is so familiar to us.

View all 14 stanzas of Thomas Ken's Morning Hymn

  1. Awake, my soul, and with the sun
    Thy daily stage of duty run;
    Shake off dull sloth, and joyful rise
    To pay thy morning sacrifice.
  2. Thy precious time mispent, redeem,
    Each present day thy last esteem ;
    Improve thy talent with due care,
    For the great day thyself prepare.
  3. In conversation be sincere,
    Keep conscience as the noon-tide clear :
    Think how all-seeing God thy ways
    And all thy secret thoughts surveys.
  4. By influence of the light divine,
    Let thy own light to others shine,
    Reflect all heaven’s propitious rays,
    In ardent love, and cheerful praise.
  5. Wake, and lift up thyself, my heart,
    And with the angels bear thy part,
    Who all night long unwearied sing
    High praise to the eternal King.
  6. I wake, I wake; ye heavenly choir,
    May your devotion me inspire,
    That I like you my age may spend,
    Like you may on my God attend.
  7. May I like you in God delight,
    Have all day long my God in sight,
    Perform like you my Maker’s will,
    O may I never more do ill.
  8. Had I your Wings, to Heaven I’d fly,
    But God shall that defect supply,
    And my Soul wing’d with warm desire,
    Shall all day long to Heav’n aspire.
  9. All praise to Thee who safe hast kept,
    And hast refresh’d me whilst I slept.
    Grant Lord, when I from death shall wake,
    I may of endless Light partake.
  10. I would not wake, nor rise again,
    And Heav’n itself I would disdain ;
    Were’t not Thou there to be enjoy’d,
    And I in Hymns to be employ’d.
  11. Heav’n is, dear Lord, where e’er Thou art,
    O never then from me depart ;
    For to my Soul, ’tis Hell to be,
    But for one moment void of Thee.
  12. Lord, I my vows to Thee renew,
    Disperse my sins as Morning dew,
    Guard my first springs of Thought and Will,
    And with Thy self my Spirit fill.
  13. Direct, control, suggest, this day,
    All I design, or do, or say,
    That all my Powers with all their might,
    In Thy sole Glory may unite.
  14. Praise God, from whom all blessings flow,
    Praise Him all Creatures here below,
    Praise Him above ye Heavenly Host,
    Praise Father, Son, and Holy Ghost.

How was the doxology originally used?

While the doxology as we know it is as a way to “Thank you!” to God at different points in a worship service, Thomas Ken had grander ambitions for his song. Ken believed that his Morning Hymn could play an integral role in an overall regimen of spiritual health and fitness.

Here is how he prescribes it to be used in the introductory text that appears before the song in his Manual:

As soon as ever you awake in the morning, . . . strive as much as you can to keep all worldly thoughts out of your mind, till you have presented the first-fruits of the day to God, which will be an excellent preparative, to make you spend the rest of it better, and therefore be sure to sing the morning and evening hymn in your chamber devoutly, remembering that the Psalmist, upon happy experience, assures you that it is a good thing to tell of the loving kindness of the Lord early in the morning, and of his truth in the night season.

Several hundred years later, the suggestion that singing a little song each morning could convey any serious spiritual benefit seems quaint. At least it would seem quaint if Thomas Ken himself was not such a bonafide spiritual bad@$$!

Image of A Morning Hymn from Thomas Ken's Manual

From the Hymnology Archive – Stanzas of “Morning Hymn” in the pages of Thomas Ken’s exhilaratingly titled book, “A Manual of Prayers for the Use of the Scholars of Winchester College”

In what way was Thomas Ken a spiritual gangster?

To people whose first daily activity is to scroll through their social media feeds, the idea that we should wake up and sing a little song to God seems old-fashioned, if not entirely out-of-touch. This advice of Thomas Ken would be much easier to write off, however, if he himself did not have so much spiritual swagger – we’re talking swagger that let him to go toe-to-toe with kings!

Portrait of Bishop Thomas Ken

From the Bishop’s Palace – A portrait of Thomas Ken and his understated spiritual swagger

In a now famous incident, King Charles II came to visit the city of Winchester where Ken was serving as a parish priest. Charles brought along with him his mistress, the actress Nell Gwynne. The king asked Ken to provide lodging for her in his home.

To the chagrin of the king and to the shock of his colleagues who thought he was tanking his future career prospects, Ken adamantly refused. He would not let his home be used to aid and abet adultery, even by the king. When pushed on the matter, Ken quickly declared that his house was under repair and had a builder take off the roof!

Either tickled by his audacity or moved by his honesty, the king did not take offense. And when a new bishop was needed to fill a vacancy the following year, King Charles said that none should have the position but “the little … fellow that refused his lodging to poor Nelly.” Then, as the king neared his death, it was Thomas Ken who served as the his personal chaplain.

Portrait of King Charles II

From the British Library – King Charles II, who admired Thomas Ken’s pluck (and fancy schmancy clothes, apparently)

When Charles’ successor, King James II, came into power, he issued a decree known as the Declaration of Indulgence. Essentially, it would allow Catholics to seize power in an increasingly Protestant England. Ken and six other bishops refused to endorse it. For their stand, they were summarily imprisoned in the Tower of London by orders of the king. However, the people of London rioted until the bishops were freed; they were carried in triumph through the streets of the city.

King James II was eventually forced into exile and was succeeded by King William III and Queen Mary II. William and Mary began their reign by demanding oaths of allegiance from all persons holding public positions, including bishops. Thomas Ken refused because he had sworn allegiance to James, and felt that he could not swear allegiance to another monarch without making such oaths a mockery. Unlike King Charles II, William and Mary did not find Ken’s pluck admirable and he was removed from his position. Even so, Ken did not back down from his position, choosing instead to spend the rest of his days as a private tutor.

What does Thomas Ken and his doxology have to teach us about the love of God?

What does it take to be a person who consistently stands up for what is right, who does not hesitate to speak truth to power? According to both Thomas Ken’s advice and his example: it takes work.

You can’t just flip a switch one day and become a person who acts boldly in love. It takes time. It takes effort. It takes preparation.

Which is to say, Ken’s suggestion that we begin and end our days with a song of praise to God isn’t him being sanctimonious. It’s him offering a practical suggestion for how we might ground our daily lives in the love of God. Sure, nowadays we might opt for reading a devotional over singing aloud in our bedrooms, but his insight here is spot on.

In order to be the the type of person who really lives in light of the fact that they are loved by God and is truly ready to share that love with others at moment’s notice, we have to find ways to exercise our love muscles everyday.

Check out the messages from our “Spiritual Habits” series to learn about practices that, like Thomas Ken’s “Morning Hymn,” can help you ground your life in love:

Rev. Dudley Rose - June 19, 2016

Day by Day; Generation by Generation

Sunday Morning

1 Kings 19:1-16 (NRSV) Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, and how he had killed all the prophets with the sword. Then Jezebel sent a messenger to Elijah, saying, "So may the gods do to me, and more also, if I do not make your life like the life of one of them by this time tomorrow." Then he was afraid; he got up and fled for his life, and came to Beer-sheba, which belongs to Judah; he left his servant there. But he himself went a day's journey into the wilderness, and came and sat down under a solitary broom tree. He asked that he might die: "It is enough; now, O LORD, take away my life, for I am no better than my ancestors." Then he lay down under the broom tree and fell asleep. Suddenly an angel touched him and said to him, "Get up and eat." He looked, and there at his head was a cake baked on hot stones, and a jar of water. He ate and drank, and lay down again. The angel of the LORD came a second time, touched him, and said, "Get up and eat, otherwise the journey will be too much for you." He got up, and ate and drank; then he went in the strength of that food forty days and forty nights to Horeb the mount of God. At that place he came to a cave, and spent the night there. Then the word of the LORD came to him, saying, "What are you doing here, Elijah?" He answered, "I have been very zealous for the LORD, the God of hosts; for the Israelites have forsaken your covenant, thrown down your altars, and killed your prophets with the sword. I alone am left, and they are seeking my life, to take it away." He said, "Go out and stand on the mountain before the LORD, for the LORD is about to pass by." Now there was a great wind, so strong that it was splitting mountains and breaking rocks in pieces before the LORD, but the LORD was not in the wind; and after the wind an earthquake, but the LORD was not in the earthquake; and after the earthquake a fire, but the LORD was not in the fire; and after the fire a sound of sheer silence. When Elijah heard it, he wrapped his face in his mantle and went out and stood at the entrance of the cave. Then there came a voice to him that said, "What are you doing here, Elijah?" He answered, "I have been very zealous for the LORD, the God of hosts; for the Israelites have forsaken your covenant, thrown down your altars, and killed your prophets with the sword. I alone am left, and they are seeking my life, to take it away." Then the LORD said to him, "Go, return on your way to the wilderness of Damascus; when you arrive, you shall anoint Hazael as king over Aram. Also you shall anoint Jehu son of Nimshi as king over Israel; and you shall anoint Elisha son of Shaphat of Abel-meholah as prophet in your place. Day by Day; Generation by Generation A Sermon by Dudley. C. Rose preached at North Prospect Union UCC, Medford, MA Date: June 19, 2016 Text: 1 Kings 19:1-16 When last we saw Elijah he was with the widow of Zarephath. [Slide 1] Through Elijah God had worked a miracle. In the midst of drought and famine the widow's supply of flour and oil was endlessly renewed. It got even better. When the widow's son died, Elijah revived him. In the heart of Jezebel's idolatrous homeland Elijah has proven himself to be a man of God. Last we saw Elijah, he was basking in the light of these miracles. After that, things got still better for him. Jezebel and Ahab wanted to murder Elijah, and yet Elijah walked right into the king's court in Jezreel [Slide 2] and challenged the royal family's favored, prophets of Baal and Asherah, to a duel. Everyone repaired to the top of Mt. Carmel, [Slide 3] a steep ridge that looks over the Jezreel Valley and the Kishon River to the northeast. As we learned last time, the altars were prepared with wood and a bull. The prophets of Baal and Asherah, 850 in all, paraded and ultimately limped around their altar pleading with Baal and Asherah to ignite the logs. Finally, after a full day of trying and exhausted, they dropped to the ground in defeat. Then came Elijah's turn. To make things even more interesting, Elijah had his altar thoroughly soaked with water. At Elijah's command the fire of the Lord leapt onto the wet altar, and it burst into flames. As if that weren't enough, Elijah had the failed prophets seized, and he brought them down to the Kishon River, and killed every one of them there. This statue on Mt. Carmel memorializes Elijah's brutal victory. [Slide 4] We now come to today's text. Ahab was impressed with Elijah's work. The text says that Ahab "told Jezebel all that Elijah had done" a phrase the Bible uses to describe miraculous power. Ahab "told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, and how he had killed all the prophets with the sword." But Jezebel was less than impressed, or pleased. She promised to kill Elijah by the next day. Elijah fled for his life to Beersheba [Slide 5], where he left his servant and then kept going south, a day's journey further, into the wilderness. It's fair to say that Elijah was confused. He had put on fabulous demonstrations of God's power. He had even impressed the king. But now he was fleeing for his life. Elijah told God he might as well die, and then the worn-out prophet falls asleep. An angel appears and gives him food and water. The angel says he'll need it for what lies ahead. The angel was right of course. On awakening Elijah runs another 40 more days south, off the map, [Slide 6] to the desolate location of Mt. Horeb, where Moses received the Ten Commandments. Elijah is all alone in the blistering Judean wilderness, [Slide 7] in one of the many caves cut into the sandstone that dot the rugged terrain. God says, "What are you doing here, Elijah?" Elijah expresses his confusion again, "[The] Israelites have forsaken your covenant, thrown down your altars, and killed your prophets with the sword. I alone am left, and they are seeking my life, to take it away." Then comes the part many of us remember from way back in Sunday school. The Lord essentially tells Elijah not to worry. He tells Elijah to go out on the mountain and the Lord is going to pass by. Elijah moves to the mouth of his cave. Sure enough, there comes a wind so strong that it splits the mountains and breaks the stones into pieces. After the wind a rumbling earthquake. And then a searing fire. Each time Elijah is sure this is where God is speaking. He has good reason. His experience with the widow of Zarephath, with providing her the endless supply of oil and flour, of raising her son from the dead; Elijah has experience of God's amazing power. His experience with the failure of the false prophets and then of his commanding a fire to engulf his drenched altar on Mt Carmel and it bursting into flames; Oh yes, Elijah has experience of God's amazing power. Maybe he had begun to doubt it while he was on the run. But now it's back. God has invited him out onto the mountain to see for himself. And God's power is displayed in the wind, the earthquake and the fire. Except that it isn't. God isn't in any of these powerful displays. Elijah stands utterly confused. And then comes God. God is present in what the King James Version called a still, small voice. The NRSV translates it as the sound of sheer silence, which is a pretty literal rendering. But translators have struggled for centuries to capture the meaning of the paradoxical phrase. It's something like a whisper. Whatever it is, it stands in contrast to the rumble of the wind, earthquake and fire. But it is something. Elijah hears something. He comes out of the cave. God repeats the question, "What are you doing here, Elijah?" But Elijah is still confused. He repeats his answer, "I have been very zealous for the Lord, the God of hosts; for the Israelites have forsaken your covenant, thrown down your altars, and killed your prophets with the sword. I alone am left, and they are seeking my life, to take it away." God's response takes no notice of Elijah's moaning. God just tells Elijah, "Go, return on your way to the wilderness of Damascus." Someone once said that life is about 95% just showing up. I suspect that's not the good news many of us would like to hear about life. Like Elijah, many of us may like the big, meaningful moments: the miracle, the victory, the big thing that solves the problem. Elijah wanted to believe that when Ahab and Jezebel saw a couple of flashy displays, they would change their ways and Israel would be restored to its proper self. Instead God took Elijah to the mouth of a cave in a desolate wilderness of rough, jagged rocks as far as the eye could see, and God as much as pointed over the endless heaving landscape and said, "Elijah, it's all in the walk." Can't you almost see God laughing, or at least smiling? [Slide 8] Here's Elijah down off the map in Sinai and God tells him, "Go. Return on your way to the wilderness of Damascus." That is, go from this wilderness you're in, the one you have fled to; go through the wilderness I'm pointing to; and guess what, keep going, right past where you were born, keep going north to another wilderness, way up in Damascus. Elijah might well have asked, "What's the point?" which I suppose is what he meant when he complained, "The Israelites have forsaken your covenant, thrown down your altars, and killed your prophets with the sword. I alone am left, and they are seeking my life, to take it away." What's the point? [Placeholder Slide] People, like you, know the answer, I think. Think about it. You have all have enough unfulfilled wishes of one sort or another. You've wished for a cure that doesn't come; for an end to violence; for an end to social ills; for justice like an ever flowing stream; Lord, you've for bodies that don't betray you. I cannot count the things that I have wished were different, and neither can you. Maybe it's not too much to say that you, that we, are like Elijah. Maybe we've had a few momentous victories here and there, but a lot of the time, most of the time, it's just putting one step in front of another, often enough backing up, even retracing our steps. But unlike Elijah, you know there's a lot more to it than that, don't you? You don't gripe about the state of things. Oh, maybe a little; I do at least. But you do something else. Whoever said that 95% is just showing up didn't get it quite right, or maybe it was meant ironically. You see, you do a lot more than just show up. Elijah doesn't seem to quite get God's point. But you do. You have a sense that this work you do when you show up makes a difference, even when the difference is hard to see. I cannot begin to count the many ways in which you show up and take up the ministry of Jesus in this place. And most of the time it's not very flashy. Sometimes it's hard, like hiking in the Judean wilderness. But you, and people of faith, people in communities of faith everywhere, have faith that all the caring, love and service you do means something. And so you do it day by day, generation after generation. To borrow a couple of phrases, you understand that God is still speaking to you, and you understand that God is urging on in this life full of joy and trouble. You understand that your walk through the valley of the shadow of death, or beside the still waters, is sacred work. For the past 35 years, 33 as your senior minister, I have had the privilege to walk with you, with this community of faith. It has been day upon day, almost 13,000 of them. It has been half my life. It has been worship service after worship service, maybe 1,500 sermons. And it has been generation upon generation. In some cases I have baptized you and then your children, also. And if I have learned anything over this journey, it is that people of faith, you, have the most extraordinary capacity to hang in there, to care, to build up a community, often enough in the face of daunting odds or strong headwinds or rough terrain. As our opening hymn says it, you are salt for the earth, O people, salt for the reign of God. It has been the most marvelous odyssey. You mean the world to me. You have given me love and kindness more than I deserve. I don't know if Elijah was prepared to leave his work when God told him to go and anoint Elisha as his successor. I suppose not entirely. But I do know this. This is an extraordinary congregation. A long time ago we began together, when Peter Ives passed the pastoral role on to me. And now we are here, where it is to be passed on yet again, to Tom Hathaway. And I know this. I know that you and Tom will continue this inherited sojourn, inherited not so much from me as from a long line of forebears, both ministers and congregants, who have faithfully put one foot in front of another believing it was good and right so to do. Unlike Elijah, you have a satisfactory and demonstrated answer to God's question. "What are you doing here, Elijah," God asked. Elijah could only complain. But you, salt for the earth, O people, can answer, "We are a blessed and pilgrim people, bound for the reign of God; bound for the reign of God one step at a time, day after day, generation after generation." May God bless you and keep you as you go. Amen

Scripture References: 1 Kings 19:1-16

From Series: "Sunday Morning"

Sermon Notes

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Are there different versions of the doxology?

While the lyrics that Thomas Ken first penned will always be the OG of doxologies, countless other versions have been written over the years. Some have been made to remedy the song’s gendered lyrics. Others have been made for seasonal use. Others simply to breathe fresh life and ideas into this now traditional format.

Below are a collection of alternative doxologies for your use and enjoyment. The author is noted whenever they are known:

The Original Doxology

Praise God, from whom all blessings flow;
Praise Him, all creatures here below;
Praise Him above, ye heav’nly host;
Praise Father, Son, and Holy Ghost!

– Thomas Ken

Gender Inclusive Doxologies

These versions of the doxology cleave fairly closely to Thomas Ken’s original. Small changes have been made to the lyrics in order to make them gender inclusive.

Praise God, from whom all blessings flow;
Praise God, all creatures here below;
Praise God above, ye heav’nly host;
Creator, Christ, and Holy Ghost!

Praise God, from whom all blessings flow;
Praise God, all creatures here below;
Praise God, for all that love has done;
Creator, Christ, and Spirit, One!

Praise God, from whom all blessings flow;
Praise God, all creatures here below;
Praise God, ye above host above;
Praise God, in wonder, joy, and love!

Praise God, from whom all blessings flow
in heav’n above and earth below!
One God, three persons, we adore:
to God be praise forevermore!

Praise God, from whom all blessing flow;
Praise God, all creatures high and low;
Praise God, in Jesus fully known;
Creator, Word, and Spirit One.

– Brian Wren

Creative Doxologies

These are versions of the doxology that go beyond just editing the original. They incorporate fresh language and new names and images for God to breathe new life into the four-line form of the traditional doxology.

To God, all glorious heavenly light;
To Christ, revealed in earthly night;
To God, the Spirit now we raise;
Our joyful songs of thankful praise.

– Charles Coffin

Praise God, the Source of life and birth;
Praise God, the Word, who came to earth;
Praise God, the Spirit, holy flame;
All glory, honor to God’s name!

– Ruth Duck

Praise God, whose life and grace belong
to good and bad, to weak and strong;
whose ways are not our human ways,
whose mercy gladdens all our days!

– Mary Luti

Praise God whose love will never cease,
whose justice raises up the least
and sits all creatures at the feast—
God’s mercy is our hope and peace!

– Mary Luti

Praise God, the source of breath and birth,
who formed us from the dust of earth,
and made us kin in unity
to love and set each other free.

– Mary Luti

Praise God, whose image we all bear;
Praise Christ, whose mercy we all share;
Praise Spirit, making justice grow—
One God from whom all blessings flow!

– Mary Luti

Praise God, who made all people one,
whose healing work is never done,
who calls us steadfast to abide
in mercy at each other’s side.

– Mary Luti

Praise God whose many names abound:
Our Judge, our Rock, our Holy Ground.
Our Home, our All, Earth’s Majesty,
Love, Spirit, Light, and Mystery. Amen.

– Nancy S. Taylor

Praise God, from whom all blessings flow;
Praise Christ, the Word in flesh born low;
Praise Holy Spirit evermore;
One God, Triune, whom we adore.

Seasonal Doxologies

Many churches follow a traditional liturgical calendar, each season of which they highlight different themes. The doxologies below were written to speak to themes of different liturgical seasons.

Advent

O Glorious God, to you we bring Praise,
treasures, lives as offering;
Spirit of Hope/Peace/Joy/Love, within us dwell;
Come, Jesus, our Emmanuel.

– Paula Meador Testerman

Christmas

Praise God for miracles of birth,
Praise Light that shines o’er all the earth,
Praise Love incarnate, come to dwell
On earth with us: Emmanuel.

– Jocelyn Gardener Spencer

O Glorious God, to you we bring praise,
Treasures, lives as offering;
Come Holy Spirit within us dwell;
Born is the Christ, Emmanuel!

– Paula Meador Testerman

Lent

Praise God throughout these forty days;
Praise Christ, our Lord, whom God did raise;
And praise the Spirit who imparts
God’s love in Christ into our hearts

– G.W. Dub Shepherd

Palm Sunday

With palms we come to praise our King,
“Hosanna” is the song we sing,
All praise the One who rides this day,
And brings us hope in ev’ry way.

– John H. Danner

Easter

Let trumpets sound and voices sing!
Let all on earth their praises bring!
For Christ has conquered sin and death
And given life eternal breath.

– John H. Danner

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